The purpose to make the structure of any
building is that the building can stand still for longest time. Building design
as well as construction plan comes later, there are certain set of tasks which
are performed even before the design and planning phase which determine the
fate of the building. These tasks include diverse studies and analyses of the
soil and surrounding factors.
Structure is quite essential discipline of
building trade as it carries the load of natural and manmade loads while
keeping the building stable. Outcomes of the analyses enable the engineers to
take decision regarding certain things like whether the land is sustainable to
construct building or not, how much storied building would be feasible etc.
Apart from that, how to build a structure which endure the natural forces and
other relevant decisions are made and construction plan is being prepare
accordingly.
Gravitational force works vertically; hence it
is also called vertical force. This kind of force creates dead load and live
load. Dead load is the weight of the objects those are going to be settled
there forever and live load is the weight of people or goods in a building.
Floor slabs, metal decking, mechanical equipment,
etc are included in vertical force. The loads which are movable are live load
which can be transferred from one place to another. Live load is made of
furniture and occupancy loading.
Horizontal load is the load which gets
produced from the turbulence of the air. Wind pressure imposes different forces
on façade of the building. Separate codes are given to the wind pressure in
order to calculate it perfectly.
The variation in the pressure of the wind
creates the isolated concentrations over façade portions, thus structure must
be designed in a way that redistribute this pressure equally on the surface.
All these factors decide the performance of
steel structure. Thus it is made sure by the AEC professionals to consider the
above factors before construction of the building to ensure the optimum load
bearing construction of the building.
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